A grand rare view. The open ocean is one thing, but the relatively narrow confines of the Red Sea exposed the ship to too much risk. Shipyard hull no. 52 30 The great liner joined other “drafted” passenger ships similarly loaded with equipment and men, forming a huge convoy protected by the Royal Australian Navy. 968 passengers & 935 crew. How can I re-use this? If the liner was sunk, the psychological blow to morale—not to mention the loss of life—would have been devastating. Gourock was beyond reach to all but a handful of German long-range aircraft types. December 23, 1943: The 225th AAA S/L Battalion crossed on this voyage. %PDF-1.6 %���� Captain Bisset quickly revised the rules, adding chewing gum to the list of banned substances. If the Western allies had been delayed, Stalin’s Red Army might have spread Communism beyond the reaches of Eastern Europe. Count Edmondo di Robilant headed an Italian spy ring in South America, and according to some versions of the story had actually obtained a copy of the ship’s sailing schedule. Indeed, many claim they helped shorten the war by about a year. The photos of the Queen Mary taken by an Australian Official Photographer add the description: Sydney, NSW. ABOUT OUR PRINTS. The largest troop convoy was T.C. The figure is significant because a single division could number 15,000 troops. All parties agreed, and work resumed in April 1934, after a hiatus of a little over two years. 0000007773 00000 n The RMS Queen Mary‘s Maiden Voyage as a Troopship. The GIs ignored the gambling ban, and probably drove the MP’s to distraction. History; History / Contemporary history (1901 – Present Day) / Second World War; In fact, this same tanker had passed the Queen Mary only 45 minutes earlier. May 26, 2018 - The RMS Queen Mary was used as a troopship throughout World War II and usually crossed the Atlantic without an escort, relying on her speed to evade the U-Boats. Sleeping topside was feasible only in the summer months because winters on the North Atlantic are too cold. on this day---7 June, 1944, RMS Queen Mary departed New York Harbor for Gourock Scotland one of the 12,000 US troops of the 7th Armored Division on board was the lady destined to be my adoptive mother---Major Peg Riley Queen Mary’s primary mission would be to ferry troops to battlefronts where they were most needed, but she needed additional modifications. L/S of ship, "The Queen Mary", arriving in Australian waters. Categories & Ages. Whether they would have had time to use them is another matter entirely. Regards Unknown. The Queen Mary and her sister ship, Queen Elizabeth, were a vital part of the war effort. Author’s private collection. The ship needed to upgrade her defensive capabilities as well. British Pathe, the world's leading multimedia resource with a history stretching back over a century. New York, NY. In addition, at any given time one-third of the troops would sleep “topside” on the open deck. Extra fans were jerry-rigged all around the ship, and saltwater showers were installed above decks. This series of photographs are part of the Australian War Memorial collection. In March 1940, the Queen Elizabeth joined her sister ship, Queen Mary, in New York. One hit might be survivable, but several hits and she would have gone down like a lead brick. <<889F686FFB68A141A97E248D764829F1>]>> It is for you to decide.”. There are moments in military history that forever alter the flow of human events. Tension grew, and the fear among passengers was palpable. The Queen Mary escaped in the nick of time. History; History / Contemporary history (1901 – Present Day) / Second World War; 14-16 ; View more. The front half, consumed in flames, floated a moment or two longer before going under. The war service of the RMS Queen Mary made a vital contribution to the success of the Allies. It was quickly realized that new rules and new procedures had to be adopted for the 15,000-man voyages, or all would dissolve into chaos. In May 1940, both vessels left Sydney Harbour bound for the United Kingdom with 2,000 Australian troops. Tes Classic Free Licence. Letter describing journey on troopship Queen Mary in June 1944. Italian dictator Benito Mussolini hoped to carve out a new Roman Empire in the Middle East by invading British-held Egypt, which was the site of the Suez Canal, Britain’s lifeline to India and the Far East, a jugular vein of communications that had to be held at all costs. The Library welcomes Queen Mary II to Sydney, and wishes the Library staff and rare material accompanying the March 2013 cruise to New Zealand, a Bon Voyage!..Format: Photograph..Find more detailed information about this photographic collection: … At the moment, the Queen Mary was executing a zigzag pattern, standard procedure for protection against submarines. Winston Churchill traveled across the Atlantic Ocean during World War II aboard the Queen Mary three times; May 1943, July 1943 and September 1944. 44-05-10. Help. "According to our [U. S. National Archives] records, in 1951 the Department of the Army destroyed all passenger lists, manifests, logs of vessels, and troop movement files of United States Army Transports for World War II." Queen Mary left New York on March 21, 1940, bound for Australia via the Cape of Good Hope. It would be much more cost-effective. Damage control parties quickly examined the Queen Mary’s bow and found an 11-foot hole at the point of impact. The Queen Mary was in even greater danger in Rio. The idea was to deliver the men in one piece! Seasickness was common, and the men rarely washed. The ship might weather choppy seas or a raging winter storm, but the packed men would be so tossed about that broken arms and other injuries could result. In May 1940, both vessels left Sydney Harbour bound for the United Kingdom with 2,000 Australian troops. There was only an 18-inch clearance between each standee, which did not help any soldiers who might be claustrophobic. After the end of WWII, the Queen Mary began a 10-month retrofitting process, … This is troopship Queen Elisabeth. On that voyage she transported 15,740 troops and 943 crewmen, for a grand total of 16,683. 5 queen elizabeth queen mary queen of bermuda rangitata rangitiki rebecca lukens rensselaer victory republic (hosp.) On the ship at the same time as my Dad! The Yanks had behaved themselves but left distinctively American “calling cards”—wads of chewing gum stuck from stem to stern. If they did so, then the Germans could get a fix on the vessel. A 35-year veteran of the sea, he was nevertheless amazed by the Queen Mary’s great size. Between June 1943 and April 1945, the Queen Mary carried nearly 340,000 American and Canadian troops on journeys that covered 180,000 miles. Also … The Bill Duggan Story . The RMS Queen Mary of the Cunard Line.GGA Image ID # 13edc635ec. Her carrying capacity was over 15,000 troops and over 900 crew. The tragedy had been caused by a series of wrong assumptions, small miscalculations, and bad timing thoroughly based on human error. Title reads: "The Queen Mary in Australia". 0000002228 00000 n As she came north of Ireland on the 2nd October 1942 0000031778 00000 n Report a problem. The solution was to build one or two huge liners that would gradually replace older, smaller steamships on the transatlantic routes. Queen Mary’s lifeboats could carry a maximum of about 3,000 souls. Thus Ancient Rome used the navis lusoria, a small vessel powered by rowers and sail, to move soldiers on the Rhine and Danube. Part 1. There were two main meals a day in six staggered sittings. Add all available rafts and floats, and the number might boost to 8,000. Next column, Article text. They were confined to the brig for a few days on bread and water. In essence, the ship could carry an entire division across the ocean in less than six days. The newer ship was unfinished and less vulnerable in the United States. Mussolini’s badly led forces were easily routed, but Hitler upped the ante by sending the German Afrika Korps to aid his ally. A degaussing coil was wrapped lengthwise around the liner’s exposed hull as protection against German magnetic mines. Now, she was to have the armaments roughly equivalent to a light cruiser. Southampton was the liner’s normal base in peacetime, but it was too near German-occupied France and subject to enemy air raids. Forewarned, the ship left Rio several hours before its scheduled departure. 44-05-13. For more information on the Aquatania, click on the picture above. the queen mary on war service. Queen Mary’s first post-war voyage departed on 31 July 1947, sailing from Southampton to New York. The Queen Mary had survived the Great Depression, an economic hurricane that had once threatened her very existence. Dubbed the “long voyage,” the vessel went from Scotland, to Suez, and to Sydney, Australia, and then returned to Gourock. The HMS Curacao was a light cruiser of World War I vintage, 450 feet long and 4,200 tons, commanded by Captain John Boutwood, a regular Royal Navy officer. After the tide turned in North Africa, thousands of Germans also found themselves involuntary passengers aboard the great liner. Churchill always boarded at Gourock, Scotland, near the mouth of the Clyde, in evening hours to lessen the chances that his movements would become known to … Eric Niderost is a college professor in Hayward, California. Q.M. Aquitania left New York with the 628 TD's on board on 29 January 1944. Their high speeds allowed them to outrun hazards, principally German U-boats, usually allowing them to travel without a convoy. The former first-class dining saloon was the main enlisted men’s mess hall. Any person caught without these items had to forfeit his shoes. The years of appeasement and vacillation, of meekly acquiescing to Hitler’s insatiable territorial demands, were over at last. Feb 14, 2013 - The Cunard Line's RMS MAURETANIA and QUEEN MARY had sailed from New York to Sydney in March 1940 to carry troops overseas for war. His brother Eric Sydney Connelly was also with him. Thanks to Wesley for authorizing us to "mirror" this unique contribution to the history of WW II. Most GIs actually preferred outside, which was less dank and claustrophobic. This photo is part of the Australian National Maritime Museum’s Samuel J. Created: Jul 24, 2012. doc, 39 KB. Rank did have some privileges. Once down under, the ship would undergo a major refit to turn her into a troopship. Mandatory lifeboat drills, ironic in that there were not enough lifeboats to accommodate all, also provided some breaks in the monotony. The core of these pages devoted to Troopships of World War II are the records of crossings made during the period 1941-46, which is maintained by Wesley Johnson at the Dad's War web site. “Fortunately,” said Bill, “I removed that ridiculous ‘Sam Brown’ belt before the ceremony!” Photo provided by Bill Duggan. In a very real sense Queen Mary was an expression of the island nation’s far-flung empire. 0000000016 00000 n Those seeking religious solace could attend services in the Catholic, Protestant, or Jewish chapels. Tokyo’s ambitions knew no bounds, and its clear goal was nothing less than the control of East Asia. John Brown and Co., Ltd., a shipbuilder of great experience and skill, was selected for the task, but the work was hardly put in hand before the Great Depression deepened and severely weakened the British economy. Don’t let the troops know we’ve been sunk. July to December: The records of ships used to carry troops to their theaters of operations were destroyed intentionally in 1951. During August 2 through 7, 1942, the ship carried a complete division, the First Armored, across the Atlantic. Besides, the men reasoned rightly that those topside would have a better chance for survival if the ship was torpedoed. Queen Elizabeth and Queen Mary were used as troop transports during the Second World War. On December 11, 1931, all work was suspended indefinitely and 3,500 workers were laid off. Queen Mary may have been large, but it was also incredibly fast. Gourock, Scotland, not far from where she was launched, was slated to be the Queen Mary’s home port for the duration. On that voyage, 15,125 troops and 863 crewmen were aboard. Launched in 1938 and used as a troopship during World War II, it entered the regular transatlantic service of the Cunard Line in 1946.The ship was 1,031 feet (314 metres) long and 118.5 feet (36 metres) wide and had a draft of 38 feet (11.6 metres) and an original gross tonnage of 83,673. The task of building the RMS Queen Mary represented a brave and elusive responsibility, especially in the early 1930s, as she was to be the biggest, quickest and most luxurious liner ever constructed.The early beginnings of the three funneled steel grand vessel started with the strong vision and belief in the future of steamships. HM Troopship QUEEN MARY in Sydney Harbour, May 1940: Author: Australian National Maritime Museum on The Commons: Permission (Reusing this file) Australian National Maritime Museum on The Commons @ Flickr Commons: Camera location: 33° 51′ 22.18″ S, 151° 14′ 21″ E View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth: Licensing . The December 7, 1941, Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor widened the war and brought the United States into the conflict on the Allied side. Her first maiden voyage happened on May 27, 1936 when she reached the speed of 33 kn (61 km/h; 38 mph). January to June: The records of ships used to carry troops to their theaters of operations were destroyed intentionally in 1951. The modern troopship has as long a history as passenger ships do, as most maritime nations enlisted their support in military operations (either by leasing the vessels or by impressing them into service) when their normal naval forces were deemed insufficient for the task. Queen Mary’s growing fame attracted many celebrities of the period. Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty Images Prev column. Plus, anyone who has ever gone to the Queen Mary can’t help come away impressed by the chapter of the ship’s life when it was a troopship — including accidentally and tragically slicing another ship in two during a foggy convoy run. = Queen Mary. RMS Queen Mary Passenger Lists 1936-1960. Queen Mary History The need for Queen Mary. White covered everything between number three and number four stairways, and included the sun deck. In this role, she carried 776 first class, 774 cabin class and 579 tourist class passengers. I came across a postcard of the H.T Queen Mary and two menus from the officer mess, dated January 1941, and just had to find out why he had collected these items. Both captains were men of ability and sound judgment. Unfortunately, these stopgap measures could not prevent temperatures rising well past the 100-degree range. 0000013863 00000 n “Built for the arts of peace and to link the Old World with the New,” he later wrote, “the Queens challenged the fury of Hitlerism in the Battle of the Atlantic. On such a crowded ship, rules and regulations assumed even greater importance. Speed was reduced to less than half, about 13 knots. "According to our [U. S. National Archives] records, in 1951 the Department of the Army destroyed all passenger lists, manifests, logs of vessels, and troop movement files of United States Army Transports for World War II." trailer Two 1943 voyages have these additional notes: July 23, 1943: This marks the greatest number of human beings ever embarked on a single ocean crossing. Location of story: Greenock to Egypt 1942/43. Time Passages Nostalgia Company offers … The ship was inspected and deemed seaworthy. But when Congress curtailed immigration in the early 1920s, steamship companies like Cunard faced serious financial difficulties. S. Harding - Gray Ghost. The Library welcomes Queen Mary II to Sydney, and wishes the Library staff and rare material accompanying the March 2013 cruise to New Zealand, a Bon Voyage!..Format: Photograph..Find more detailed information about this photographic collection: … Poker, blackjack, and crap games were a major form of amusement during the long six-day passage. RMS Queen Mary was Britain’s entry in the fierce transatlantic passenger trade. Download Image of HM Troopship Queen Mary in Sydney, World War II / photographer unknown. 0000004623 00000 n This was an unfortunate trait in the North Atlantic, well known for centuries as one of the most treacherous, even capricious, oceans in the world. But this neglect was more apparent than real. The RMS Queen Elizabeth was an ocean liner operated by Cunard Line.With Queen Mary she provided weekly luxury liner service between Southampton in the United Kingdom and New York City in the United States, via Cherbourg in France.. A Tribute to the Grandest Queen of all! The Germans would claim to have sunk the Queen Mary from time to time, partly in an effort to locate it. Mahogany and other exotic woods, many from Britain’s own colonies, were used in the interior. 0000001557 00000 n Sergeant Jerry Cerrachio got some good advice during one of the Queen Mary’s outbound voyages to Britain. Letter describing journey on troopship Queen Mary in June 1944. It occurred off the coast of Ireland on October 2, 1942, at about 2 pm. About this resource. It was agreed that the Queens would be turned over to the Americans in a kind of reverse Lend-Lease, but that British Cunard crews would continue to run the ships under American operational control. Bisset had no idea that two German submarines, U-161 and U-129, were not far behind following the same route. An oil tanker that left port about the time of the liner’s original sailing was torpedoed a few miles out to sea. Southampton became a magnet for thousands of people seeking to escape the Continent before hostilities began. At least the GIs were aboard for only six days. Free for commercial use, no attribution required. Sydney, Australia. the 84000 ton cunard liner queen mary in her grey white war paint as she prepared to make another atlantic crossing taking wounded us … Queen Mary served under the British Royal Navy from 21 March 1940, ... 1944. 81 0 obj <>stream The list included 40mm cannon in five double mounts sited fore and aft and 24 single-barrel cannon emplaced in steel tub mounts along the ship’s upper structure. (Read about these and other famous vessels of the Second World War inside WWII History magazine.). You must judge for yourselves the risks you will run. Dubbed the "Grey Ghost" because of her stealth and stark color, the Queen Mary was the largest and fastest troopship to sail, capable of transporting as many as 16,000 troops at 30 knots. 0000002078 00000 n Once in Australia, Queen Mary was taken to the Cockatoo Docks and Engineering Co. pier to undergo its transformation. The British government stepped in, offering subsidies if Cunard merged with its great shipping rival, White Star. Winston Churchill was aboard the Queen Mary for three trips, and during one of these voyages the liner also carried 5,000 German POWS. The Queen Mary would have been the greatest prize of all. But now that America was in the war, its troops were urgently needed, especially in the Far East. On 2 October 1942 Queen Mary accidentally sank one of her escorts, slicing through the light cruiser HMS Curacoa (D41), with the loss of 338 lives. The ship could average around 29 knots, even faster if pushed a little. 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